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Analysis of the Effect of Water and Fertilizer on Crop Production in Farmland of Arid Zone in Northern China

Gao Yajun,Li Shengxiu

Strategic Study of CAE 2002, Volume 4, Issue 7,   Pages 74-79

Abstract:

On the basis of field experiments conducted by authors for a few years, the research results publishedIt was showed that the water effect and fertilizer effect on crop production were related to experimentThe result obtained from field experiments was opposite to that from simulated experiments because theThe result of rainproof-shed experiments or pot experiments didn’t coincide with the field situation

Keywords： effect of water and N fertilizer     arid area in Northern China     field experiment     simulated experiment    

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Field experiment on biological contact oxidation process to treat polluted river water in the Dianchi

Lu LI, Shuguang XIE, Hui ZHANG, Donghui WEN

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2009, Volume 3, Issue 1,   Pages 38-47 doi: 10.1007/s11783-009-0007-6

Abstract: In this study two types of biological contact oxidation processes (BCOP), a step-feed (SBCOP) unit and an inter-recycle (IBCOP) unit, were designed to investigate the treatment of heavily polluted river water. The Daqing River, which is the largest pollutant contributor to the Dianchi Lake, one of the most eutrophic freshwater lakes in China, was taken for the case study. It was found that the SBCOP had higher adaptability and better performance in the reduction of COD, TN, and TP, which made it applicable for the treatment of polluted river water entering the Dianchi Lake. Nitrification rate was observed to be greatly affected by the influent temperature. During each season, the nitrification in the SBCOP was higher than that in the IBCOP. TN removal efficiency in the SBCOP was higher than that in the IBCOP during the winter and spring but poorer during the summer, possibly due to the inhibition of denitrification by higher dissolved oxygen level in the summer. Moreover, symbiotic algae-bacteria growth may be conducive to the removal of pollutants.

Keywords： step-feed biological contact oxidation process (SBCOP)     inter-recycle biological contact oxidation process (IBCOP)     river water     removal efficiency     nitrogen transformation     the Dianchi Lake watershed    

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ENHANCING RAINFALL-RUNOFF POLLUTION MODELING BY INCORPORATION OF NEGLECTED PHYSICAL PROCESSES

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2023, Volume 10, Issue 4,   Pages 553-565 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023519

Abstract:

The growing need to mitigate rainfall-runoff pollution, especially first flush, calls for accurate quantification of pollution load and the refined understanding of its spatial-temporal variation. The wash-off model has advantages in modeling rainfall-runoff pollution due to the inclusion of two key physical processes, build-up and wash-off. However, this disregards pollution load from wet precipitation and the relationship between rainfall and runoff, leading to uncertainties in model outputs. This study integrated the Soil Conservation Service curve number (SCS-CN) into the wash-off model and added pollutant load from wet precipitation to enhance the rainfall-runoff pollution modeling. The enhanced wash-off model was validated in a typical rural-residential area. The results showed that the model performed better than the established wash-off model and the commonly-used event mean concentrations method, and identified two different modes of pollution characteristics dominated by land pollution and rainfall pollution, respectively. In addition, the model simulated more accurate pollutant concentrations at high-temporal-resolution. From this, it was found that 12% of the total runoff contained 80% to 95% of the total load for chemical oxygen demand, total N, and total P, whereas it contained only 15% of the total load for NH4+-N. The enhanced model can provide deeper insights into non-point pollution mitigation.

Keywords： Erhai Lake     field experiment     non-point source     pollution load     rainfall runoff     wash-off model    

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Full scale amendment of a contaminated wood impregnation site with iron water treatment residues

Sanne Skov NIELSEN, Peter KJELDSEN, Rasmus JAKOBSEN

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2016, Volume 10, Issue 4, doi: 10.1007/s11783-016-0842-1

Abstract: contaminant leaching, and discussing the design of delivery and mixing strategy for soil stabilization at fieldDosage and mixing of Fe-WTR in the soil proved to be difficult in the deeper part of the field, and poreOur field scale amendment of contaminated soil was overall successful in decreasing leaching of As, Cr

Keywords： Field experiment     Iron oxide     Arsenic     Stabilization     Wood preservation sites    

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Design and experiment of a novel pneumatic soft arm based on a deployable origami exoskeleton

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2023, Volume 18, Issue 4, doi: 10.1007/s11465-023-0770-2

Abstract: Soft arms have shown great application potential because of their flexibility and compliance in unstructured environments. However, soft arms made from soft materials exhibit limited cargo-loading capacity, which restricts their ability to manipulate objects. In this research, a novel soft arm was developed by coupling a rigid origami exoskeleton with soft airbags. The joint module of the soft arm was composed of a deployable origami exoskeleton and three soft airbags. The motion and load performance of the soft arm of the eight-joint module was tested. The developed soft arm withstood at least 5 kg of load during extension, contraction, and bending motions; exhibited bistable characteristics in both fully contracted and fully extended states; and achieved a bending angle of more than 240° and a contraction ratio of more than 300%. In addition, the high extension, contraction, bending, and torsional stiffnesses of the soft arm were experimentally demonstrated. A kinematic-based trajectory planning of the soft arm was performed to evaluate its error in repetitive motion. This work will provide new design ideas and methods for flexible manipulation applications of soft arms.

Keywords： pneumatic soft arm     soft airbag     deployable origami exoskeleton     bistable characteristics     cargo-loading capacity    

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Atmospheric heterogeneous reaction of chlorobenzene on mineral -FeO particulates: a chamber experiment

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2023, Volume 17, Issue 11, doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1734-9

Abstract:

● Photochemical conversion of chlorobenzene (CB) on α-Fe2O3 was evaluated.

Keywords： Photochemical conversion     Chlorobenzene     α-Fe2O3     PCDD/Fs     Mineral particulate    

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Biaxial tensile-compressive experiment of concrete at high temperatures

SONG Yupu, ZHANG Zhong, QING Likun, YU Changjiang

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2007, Volume 1, Issue 1,   Pages 94-98 doi: 10.1007/s11709-007-0009-z

Abstract: Biaxial tension-compression experiments of concrete of five stress ratios at high temperatures were carried out using the large static-dynamic triaxial test system in the State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering, Dalian University of Technology. The stress ratios s1/s3 are 0, 0.1, 0.25, 0.50, and 0.75. The temperatures are 20vH, 200vH, 300vH, 500vH, 600vH. The mechanical behavior of concrete under biaxial tension-compression at high temperatures is analyzed. It is found that both the tensile strength and strain diminished with the increase in temperature under each stress ratio. Based on the test results, the relationship between tensile strengths and stress ratios and temperature is proposed. In addition, the failure criterion of concrete under biaxial stress state of tension-compression at high temperatures is established.

Keywords： increase     Offshore Engineering     temperature     relationship     addition    

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Numerical simulation and experiment research of radiation performance in a dish solar collector system

Yong SHUAI, Xinlin XIA, Heping TAN

Frontiers in Energy 2010, Volume 4, Issue 4,   Pages 488-495 doi: 10.1007/s11708-010-0007-z

Abstract: The Monte Carlo ray-tracing method is applied and coupled with optical properties to predict the radiation performance of solar concentrator/cavity receiver systems. Several different cavity geometries are compared on the radiation performance. A flux density distribution measurement system for dish parabolic concentrators is developed. The contours of the flux distribution for target placements at different distances from the dish vertex of a solar concentrator are taken by using an indirect method with a Lambert and a charge coupled device (CCD) camera. Further, the measured flux distributions are compared with a Monte Carlo-predicted distribution. The results can be a valuable reference for the design and assemblage of the solar collector system.

Keywords： Monte Carlo method     solar energy     radiation performance     cavity receiver    

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Centrifuge experiment and numerical analysis of an air-backed plate subjected to underwater shock loading

Zhijie HUANG, Xiaodan REN, Zuyu CHEN, Daosheng LING

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2019, Volume 13, Issue 6,   Pages 1350-1362 doi: 10.1007/s11709-019-0559-x

Abstract: In this study, systematic centrifuge experiments and numerical studies are conducted to investigate the effect of shock loads due to an underwater explosion on the dynamic responses of an air-backed steel plate. Numerical simulations with three different models of pressure time history generated by underwater explosion were carried out. The first model of pressure time history was measured in test. The second model to predict the time history of shock wave pressure from an underwater explosion was created by Cole in 1948. Coefficients of Cole’s formulas are determined experimentally. The third model was developed by Zamyshlyaev and Yakovlev in 1973. All of them are implemented into the numerical model to calculate the shock responses of the plate. Simulated peak strains obtained from the three models are compared with the experimental results, yielding average relative differences of 21.39%, 45.73%, and 13.92%, respectively. The Russell error technique is used to quantitatively analyze the correlation between the numerical and experimental results. Quantitative analysis shows that the simulated strains for most measurement points on the steel plate are acceptable. By changing the scaled distances, different shock impulses were obtained and exerted on the steel plate. Systematic numerical studies are performed to investigate the effect of the accumulated shock impulse on the peak strains. The numerical and experimental results suggest that the peak strains are strongly dependent on the accumulated shock impulse.

Keywords： underwater explosion     centrifuge experiment     shock load     dynamic response     accumulated shock impulse    

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Parameter for judging reactivity of coal and coke

HE Hongzhou, LUO Zhongyang, CEN Kefa

Frontiers in Energy 2008, Volume 2, Issue 3,   Pages 354-358 doi: 10.1007/s11708-008-0052-z

Abstract: as the quotient of the maximum weight loss rate in non-isothermal thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) experimentThe heating rate selected in TGA experiment has no effect on the judgment.

Keywords： thermogravimetric analysis     specific maximum     different lithotype     experiment     TGA experiment    

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How did Archimedes discover the law of buoyancy by experiment?

Hidetaka KUROKI

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2016, Volume 11, Issue 1,   Pages 26-32 doi: 10.1007/s11465-016-0368-z

Abstract: Through these measurements, he reached the discovery of the law of buoyancy directly by experiment.

Keywords： Archimedes’ principle     buoyancy     specific gravity     Eureka     Vitruvius     displaced water     balance     floating body    

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Analysis and experiment on structure parameters for an energy reclaiming suspension

CHEN Shi‘an, HE Ren, LU Senlin

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2008, Volume 3, Issue 2,   Pages 200-204 doi: 10.1007/s11465-008-0024-3

Abstract: An energy reclaiming suspension is proposed to reclaim vibration energy in the suspension. To study its riding performance and reclaiming energy performance, a hydraulic energy reclaiming device prototype is produced and its mechanical behavior is analyzed and tested according to the hydraulic theory. Theoretical analysis shows that mechanical behavior of the energy reclaiming device is embodied by a viscidity damping parameter and an analogous coulomb damping parameter determined by its structure; their expressions are obtained. Experimental investigation shows that theoretical predictions agree with test results.

Keywords： Experimental investigation     analogous coulomb     hydraulic     performance     suspension    

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Recent progress in electric-field assisted combustion: a brief review

Frontiers in Energy 2022, Volume 16, Issue 6,   Pages 883-899 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0770-z

Abstract: Among the combustion technologies, electric-field assisted combustion is an advanced techno-logy thatIn the last two decades, tremendous efforts have been made to understand electric-field assisted combustionThese findings significantly facilitate the application of electric-field assisted combustion.

Keywords： electric field     combustion     flame stabilization     emission reduction     flame propagation    

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Analysis and experiment of controllability of magnetorheological fluids based on micro-pipeline

Yongqing SU, Yikuan SONG, Jiguang YUE

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2009, Volume 4, Issue 3,   Pages 339-344 doi: 10.1007/s11465-009-0048-3

Abstract: The coupled formulas for MRF are deduced by analyzing the property of the flow field and magnetic fieldrelationship between the flow speed of MRF and the special shear stress under the effect of the magnetic fieldMRF flowing through the micro-pipeline and explores MRF’s application on the micro-drive and control field

Keywords： Magneto-rheological fluids (MRF)     micro-pipeline     coupled model     multi-physics simulation    

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A MATLAB code for the material-field series-expansion topology optimization method

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2021, Volume 16, Issue 3,   Pages 607-622 doi: 10.1007/s11465-021-0637-3

Abstract: This paper presents a MATLAB implementation of the material-field series-expansion (MFSE) topo-logy optimizationThe MFSE method uses a bounded material field with specified spatial correlation to represent the structuralWith the series-expansion method for bounded fields, this material field is described with the characteristic

Keywords： MATLAB implementation     topology optimization     material-field series-expansion method     bounded materialfield     dimensionality reduction    

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Title Author Date Type Operation

Analysis of the Effect of Water and Fertilizer on Crop Production in Farmland of Arid Zone in Northern China

Gao Yajun,Li Shengxiu

Journal Article

Field experiment on biological contact oxidation process to treat polluted river water in the Dianchi

Lu LI, Shuguang XIE, Hui ZHANG, Donghui WEN

Journal Article

ENHANCING RAINFALL-RUNOFF POLLUTION MODELING BY INCORPORATION OF NEGLECTED PHYSICAL PROCESSES

Journal Article

Full scale amendment of a contaminated wood impregnation site with iron water treatment residues

Sanne Skov NIELSEN, Peter KJELDSEN, Rasmus JAKOBSEN

Journal Article

Design and experiment of a novel pneumatic soft arm based on a deployable origami exoskeleton

Journal Article

Atmospheric heterogeneous reaction of chlorobenzene on mineral -FeO particulates: a chamber experiment

Journal Article

Biaxial tensile-compressive experiment of concrete at high temperatures

SONG Yupu, ZHANG Zhong, QING Likun, YU Changjiang

Journal Article

Numerical simulation and experiment research of radiation performance in a dish solar collector system

Yong SHUAI, Xinlin XIA, Heping TAN

Journal Article

Centrifuge experiment and numerical analysis of an air-backed plate subjected to underwater shock loading

Zhijie HUANG, Xiaodan REN, Zuyu CHEN, Daosheng LING

Journal Article

Parameter for judging reactivity of coal and coke

HE Hongzhou, LUO Zhongyang, CEN Kefa

Journal Article

How did Archimedes discover the law of buoyancy by experiment?

Hidetaka KUROKI

Journal Article

Analysis and experiment on structure parameters for an energy reclaiming suspension

CHEN Shi‘an, HE Ren, LU Senlin

Journal Article

Recent progress in electric-field assisted combustion: a brief review

Journal Article

Analysis and experiment of controllability of magnetorheological fluids based on micro-pipeline

Yongqing SU, Yikuan SONG, Jiguang YUE

Journal Article

A MATLAB code for the material-field series-expansion topology optimization method

Journal Article